Buy, Rehab, Rent, Refinance, Repeat — the honest version. Model how much capital you actually pull out, and whether the deal still cash-flows after the refi debt.
Use 0% if paying all cash; otherwise model hard money or a purchase loan.
Loan interest is a component of the holding costs above. Cash invested = price × (1 − loan%) + purchase closing + rehab + holding costs.
Post-refi cash flow — validates whether the deal survives the new debt load.
NOI excludes capex and mortgage (standard). Cash flow subtracts both because they leave your pocket every month. Management, maintenance, and capex are % of gross scheduled rent.